White-Spectacled Bulbul or African Red-Eyed Bulbul?

General appearance

The African red-eyed bulbul is characterized by its medium size, nearly 20-25 cm in length, and its distinctive khaki-grey plumage. Easily noticeable are its crimson-red eyes, which aptly offers its name. It also has a distinct thin black crest above its eyes, giving it a capped appearance. Its tail and wings are darker, almost black. This species does not have significant seasonal variations.

Male vs female

Both male and female African red-eyed bulbuls share similar external features, making sexual dimorphism in this species less distinct. The males tend to be slightly larger in size compared to females. However, their coloration, red eye, and capped appearance are consistent across both genders. This feature makes it a bit challenging to distinguish between the sexes in the wild.

Juvenile

Juvenile African red-eyed bulbuls lack the vibrant coloration seen in adults. They have duller grey-brown plumage and their eyes are not yet the characteristic red, instead they have brownish eyes. Their crest is less pronounced, and it takes a few months until they acquire the distinctive adult features.

Primary habitat

The African red-eyed bulbul prefers savannas, riverine woodlands, and arid scrublands in southern Africa, including Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and northern South Africa. It thrives in areas with dry, warm climates.

Additional range

This species can also adapt to urban environments and gardens, showing surprising resilience in modified landscapes, provided there are ample food sources and some vegetation for shelter.

Natural diet

The African red-eyed bulbul primarily feeds on fruits, which form a significant part of its diet. It enjoys a variety of berries and small fruits from native shrubs and trees. In addition to fruits, this species consumes seeds and small insects. The bulbul can often be seen foraging in flowering plants, consuming nectar and aiding in pollination.

Bird feeders

At bird feeders, the African red-eyed bulbul is commonly attracted to offerings of sliced fruits such as apples, bananas, and oranges. It may also eat raisins and other dried fruits provided by bird enthusiasts. The bulbul will occasionally try suet and other protein-rich foods intended for insect-eating birds but shows a preference for sweet and fruity items.