Palestine Sunbird or Greater Double-Collared Sunbird?

General appearance

The Palestine sunbird is small in size, averaging 8-12cm in length, and weighs around 7-12g. Its slender beak curves downwards, fitted for flower nectar feeding. The species is known for its iridescent coloration which greatly varies per gender and season.

Male vs female

During breeding season, the male is eye-catching with its dark purple-black plumage, showing metallic green and blue tints in sunlight. Its lower belly and sides are chestnut. During the non-breeding season, males usually lose their radiant color and resemble the females. Female sunbirds are less vibrant, bearing brownish upper parts and paler underparts. They also feature a subtle yellow wash on the chest and throat.

Juvenile

Juvenile Palestine sunbirds bear resemblance to adult females but are generally paler. Their bill is shorter and their overall coloration is duller. Their distinct traits become prominent with age and following molt.

Primary habitat

The Palestine sunbird commonly inhabits arid and semi-arid regions, often near human settlements, in areas of the Middle East, including Jordan, Israel, and the Palestinian territories.

Additional range

Unusually, this bird species also extends to cooler climates such as mountainous regions up to 3,600 meters altitude. It resides in gardens and cultivated areas as well.

Natural diet

The Palestine sunbird primarily feeds on nectar from a variety of flowering plants. It has a long, curved bill that enables it to reach deep into flowers, extracting nectar as its main energy source. The bird favors a diverse range of plants, including those with tubular flowers. Additionally, the sunbird occasionally consumes small insects and arthropods, which are important protein sources especially during breeding seasons.

Bird feeders

Though primarily adapted to feed on natural nectar, Palestine sunbirds may visit bird feeders, especially if they provide sugar water solutions similar to nectar. These sugar solutions attract the sunbirds by mimicking the natural nectar found in flowers. They might also investigate feeders offering fruit pieces or small insects, but their primary interest usually remains in nectar-like substances.